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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQS);faqs.445
Let's put PostScript Level 2 in perspective with respect to the
overall printing solution. The effectiveness and performance of any
particular printing solution is affected by four main elements:
* Driver: Each major system software environment (Macintosh,
Windows, OS/2 Presentation Manager, NeXT) has a built-in
PostScript language driver. These system level drivers ensure
that all applications running in the environment can output to
PostScript printers. These drivers do not always produce the most
efficient PostScript language programs, and may not support the
wide variety of features available in the language or specific
hardware features in a PostScript printer.
* Language: The PostScript language as defined in the PostScript
Language Reference Manual (the ``red book'') is the standard
today.
* Communications: AppleTalk, parallel, and serial communications
are the most commonly used interfaces with PostScript printers
today.
* Controller: Today, most Adobe PostScript printers are based on a
variety of controllers: Scout (68000), Atlas (68020), and Atlas
Plus (68030). In addition, there are a number of custom
controller solutions offered by our OEMs. Total system throughput
is a function of all four elements. An efficient driver can
produce PostScript page descriptions that print much faster;
speed increases of 2-3x over an inefficient driver are not
uncommon. Communications bottlenecks can account for a majority
of the time it takes to print a page; a very large scanned image
can take minutes to transmit to the printer, even using
AppleTalk. And of course, the speed of the controller itself has
a direct impact on the time it can take to print a page. However,
the limiting factor
PostScript Level 2 is one component of a total systems solution
being assembled by Adobe:
* Adobe is developing drivers for the Macintosh, Windows 3.0, and
OS/2 Presentation Manager environments. These drivers will take
full advantage of the features and performance enhancements in
PostScript Level 2 printers as well as existing PostScript
printers.
* PostScript Level 2 extends the PostScript language with new
operators to improve performance and provide additional
functionality to address the need of end users and ISVs.
* PostScript Level 2 includes a variety of file compression
techniques that can be used to reduce the amount of information
sent (and hence the time to do so) to the PostScript printer.
* Adobe is developing new controllers based on the latest RISC
technology which are up to 22 times faster than current
controllers. In addition, these controllers provide our OEMs the
potential for providing direct SCSI input and Ethernet
connections for increased throughput.
(C) 1990 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All rights reserved.
PostScript, Display PostScript, and Adobe are trademarks of Adobe
Systems Incorporated registered in the U.S. All other product names
are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective
holders.
Xref: bloom-picayune.mit.edu comp.lang.postscript:16098 news.answers:4303
Path: bloom-picayune.mit.edu!enterpoop.mit.edu!spool.mu.edu!olivea!sun-barr!cs.utexas.edu!wupost!uunet!brunix!brunix!jgm
From: jgm@cs.brown.edu (Jonathan Monsarrat)
Newsgroups: comp.lang.postscript,news.answers
Subject: PostScript monthly FAQ v2.01 11-30-92 [12 of 12]
Summary: Useful facts about the PostScript graphics programming language
Message-ID: <1992Dec1.055449.15642@cs.brown.edu>
Date: 1 Dec 92 05:54:49 GMT
Expires: Thu, 31 Dec 1992 00:00:00 GMT
Sender: news@cs.brown.edu
Reply-To: jgm@cs.brown.edu (PostScript FAQ comments address)
Followup-To: poster
Organization: Brown University Department of Computer Science
Lines: 1524
Approved: news-answers-request@MIT.Edu
Supercedes: <1992Oct29.211508.26457@cs.brown.edu>
Archive-name: postscript-faq/part12
Last-modified: 1992/11/30
Version: 2.01
-- PostScript --
Answers to Questions
(the comp.lang.postscript FAQ v2.01)
Jon Monsarrat
jgm@cs.brown.edu
This FAQ is formatted as a digest.
Most news readers can skip from one question
to the next by pressing control-G.
Changes since the last version are marked with a '|' in the table
of contents and in the sections in the text-only format of the FAQ.
Please help fix the FAQ! All comments should be mailed to
jgm@cs.brown.edu. My favorite way to receive a change suggestion is
when it is accompanied by a section of the FAQ that is edited and
mailed to me verbatim as an example. If you would like to
contribute, please read the section ``about the FAQ'' first. Thank
you!
Books and programs are referred to by name only. See the
appropriate sections for full information.
Subject: 12 PostScript Interpreters and Utilities
I would like very much to be able to recommend some of these
programs over others. Unfortunately, I have very little information
about most of them. Please send information or additions! Programs
without significant information will be dropped shortly.
Included in this index are a number of ASCII to PostScript
conversion programs. These are quick and dirty programs, and it is
unclear why having so many of them is interesting, so many will
probably be deleted (send mail about the ones you like most). If
you really want to convert ASCII to PostScript in a high quality
way, what you want is a real text formatter. (See the FAQ for
comp.text and comp.text.tex)
If you have a program, please let me know. Section 10, ``About the
FAQ'' has some hints on what I'm hoping to get when I get a program
description.
| I am grateful to Howard Gayle (howard@hal.com) for a large portion
| of the below information.
Subject: 12.1 How can I find a program?
To find a program, try using an ``archie'' server. Archie will
figure out which FTP sites have the program that you are looking
for. Please try archie before asking people for the program.
I would be happy to answer questions about where to get programs.
Just send me email. If you find a good ftp site for these programs,
please let me know.
To use archie, just type ``archie'' or ``xarchie''. If you don't
have that program, then you can telnet to one of the following
addresses and type ``archie'' as the username. To get help type
``help''.
archie.rutgers.edu 128.6.18.15 (Rutgers University)
archie.unl.edu 129.93.1.14 (University of Nebraska in Lincoln)
archie.sura.net 128.167.254.179 (SURAnet archie server)
archie.ans.net 147.225.1.2 (ANS archie server)
archie.au 139.130.4.6 (Australian server)
archie.funet.fi 128.214.6.100 (European server in Finland)
archie.doc.ic.ac.uk 146.169.11.3 (UK/England server)
archie.cs.huji.ac.il 132.65.6.15 (Israel server)
archie.wide.ad.jp 133.4.3.6 (Japanese server)
If you don't have telnet, send email to archie at any of the above
sites with the subject ``help''.
Subject: 12.2 How can I browse through PostScript programs?
To find ftp sites that carry PostScript programs, try ``archie
postscript''. Then use ftp to look through them.
Subject: 12.3 Keywords
What:
Bounding-Box
Determines the bounding box of a PostScript program (so it can
be converted to EPSF for example).
Converts
The program converts back and forth between formats such as:
ASCII, PostScript, TeX, Images, PCL
Converts-Images
A program that converts to too many image formats to name!
Device-Utility
A utility for a PostScript device.
Document-Previewer
The previewer has options for viewing text documents. NOTE:
most previewers make passable document previewer even without
these extra options.
Example
The source code for this program is a programming example for
programmers.
Font-Utility
The program does something useful with font descriptions.
Interpreter
The program can understand the PostScript language.
| Level-2
| The program can interpret a reasonable amount of PostScript
| level 2.
Non-PostScript-Printer-Driver
The program allows PostScript drawings to be printed on at
least one non-PostScript printer.
Page-Reordering
The program allows you to either choose a page or a few pages
to print from a big document, or lets you print in reverse
order, or lets you ``N-Up'', which means to put more than one
page on a physical page. These programs work only if the
PostScript input follows the Adobe Document Structuring
Conventions. (See Section 9, ``Encapsulated PostScript'').
Previewer
The interpreter displays PostScript on the screen.
| Programmer-Utility
| The program helps write PostScript programs.
Text-Formatter
The program formats text in some interesting way, or lets you
include PostScript in a text formatter.
Written-in-PostScript
The program is written entirely in PostScript and thus can run
on any computer with an interpreter, or on any PostScript
printer.
Status
Shareware
means that the program is free but the author would like
money.
Free
means that the program is freely available. This usually means
that source code is included and that it is freely
distributable.
Commercial
means that some company sells the program.
Platforms:
What computers does it run on? For the IBM PC, look for
``MS-DOS''. For most workstations, look for ``UNIX''.
Get-From
tells where to get the program, through ftp or some other
source.
Subject: 12.4 Interpreters
The following are all programs that understand the PostScript
graphics programming language. PostScript is an interpreted
language, which means that there is no compiler for it. An
interpreter is like a compiler that, instead of producing a
sequence of actions in machine language for the computer to handle
at some future time, performs the actions itself immediately.
Most interpreters are also previewers, which allow you to view the
PostScript drawing as it is created by the PostScript program.
Unfortunately, viewing the document on-line is not guaranteed to be
a perfect simulation of printing the document. Complex programs
that use random numbers or check the device type will almost
certainly run differently.
Some interpreters are meant for looking at text documents without
printing them. They usually have a number of functions for flipping
back and forth between pages. These interpreters are called
document previewers.
Canvas 3.0
???
What: Previewer
Status: commercial (more than $ 50)
Platforms: Macintosh
Get-From: ???
Freedom of Press
???
For most users who only want to print to common printers like
DeskWriters, StyleWriters, or Personal LaserWriter LS's, the
light version of Freedom of the Press will suffice. ( $ 55).
What: Interpreter, Non-PostScript-Printer-Driver
Status: commercial ( $ 55)
Platforms: ???
Get-From: ???
Gammascript
???
What: Interpreter
Status: ???
Platforms: MS-DOS
Get-From: ???
Ghostscript
is perhaps the most popular previewer. It is a PostScript
interpreter written by L. Peter Deutsch, and is distributed under
the terms of the GNU Library General Public License. Unlike
commercial interpreters, ghostscript isn't tied to a particular
piece of hardware. Ghostscript will compile on most common
platforms, and has drivers for many common peripherals, including
| X11R [ 345 ] , MS-DOS-VGA, Deskjet 500, Epson dot matrix
printers, and HP laserjets.
Ghostscript deals well with "normal" documents, such as output
from Tomas Rokicki's dvips. If you're into testing the outer
limits of PostScript, however, your mileage with Ghostscript may
vary. The output character quality is (obviously) dependent upon
| the fonts which ghostscript uses. Most of ghostscript's fonts are
| outlines generated from the bitmap fonts that were donated by
| Adobe to the X consortium. These are certainly good enough for
| screen previewing, and rough drafts, but show their limitations
when used on laser printers. Fortunately, Ghostscript can use
type 1 fonts, so if you happen to have some around, you'll find
that the output quality is very close to that of a PostScript
| interpreter. Ghostscript comes with a few type 1 fonts that were
| donated to the X consortium from Adobe, IBM, and Bitstream. Note
that if you're using TeX or LaTeX with the cmr fonts, this last
statement implies that ghostscript will probably suit your needs,
since your dvi-to-ps converter will include the cmr fonts in its
output PostScript file.
If you're using IBM OS/2 2.0, you can make a Ghostscript icon and
drag PostScript files onto it and they'll be printed
automatically.
Ghostscript 2.2 has been ported to the Atari ST platform by
Timothy Gallivan. It's available by ftp to
atari.archive.umich.edu.
For more information about Ghostscript, read the
gnu.ghostscript.bug newsgroup, or contact the author, Peter
Deutsch, at ghost@aladdin.com.
What: Interpreter, Previewer, Programmer-Utility, User-Utility,
Non-PostScript-Printer-Driver, Level-2,
Converts-PostScript-to-GIF, Converts-PostScript-to-PBM.
Status: free
Platforms: MS-DOS, UNIX, VMS, Xwindows, Atari-ST.
Get-From:
Japan: ftp.cs.titech.ac.jp, utsun.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp:ftpsync/prep
Australia: archie.oz.au:gnu Europe: src.doc.ic.ac.uk:gnu,
ftp.informatik.tu-muenchen.de,
ftp.informatik.rwth-aachen.de:pub/gnu, nic.funet.fi:pub/gnu,
ugle.unit.no, isy.liu.se, ftp.stacken.kth.se, sunic.sunet.se,
ftp.win.tue.nl, ftp.diku.dk, ftp.eunet.ch, archive.eu.net
United States: ftp.cs.wisc.edu:pub/X, prep.ai.mit.edu:pub/gnu,
wuarchive.wustl.edu, ftp.cs.widener.edu, uxc.cso.uiuc.edu,
col.hp.com, gatekeeper.dec.com:pub/GNU, ftp.uu.net:systems/gnu
See Ghostview and GSPreview.
| Ghostview
| is an X11 user interface for ghostscript. It was written by Tim
| Theisen, and is distributed under the terms of the GNU General
| Public License. Ghostview runs on UNIX and VMS platforms. To
| compile ghostview, you should have the X11R5 distribution from
| MIT. Many vendors do not provide the Athena widgets.
|
| Ghostview provides a menu driven interface with ample keyboard
| accelerators. It also provides popup zoom windows and the ability
| to save or print selected pages.
|
| For more information about ghostview, contact the author, Tim
| Theisen, at ghostview@cs.wisc.edu.
|
| What: Bounding-Box, Document-Previewer, Level-2, Page-Reordering
| Status: free
| Platforms: X11 on Unix or VMS systems.
| Get-From: Source: ftp.cs.wisc.edu:/pub/X/ghostview-1.4.1.tar.Z or
| prep.ai.mit.edu:/pub/gnu/ghostview-1.4.1.tar.Z or other GNU
| distribution points (see ghostscript's listing) Binaries:
| ftp.cs.wisc.edu:/pub/X/ghostview-exe directory
GoScript 3.0
???
What: Interpreter
Status: ???
Platforms: MS-DOS
Get-From: ???
GSPreview
A document previewer based on GhostScript, by Richard Hesketh.
What: Document-Previewer, Level-2
Status: free
Platforms: X Windows
Get-From: prep.ai.mit.edu
Hijack-PS
???
What: Interpreter, Converts-???
Status: ???
Platforms: ???
Get-From: ???
JAWS
???
What: Interpreter
Status: Commercial
Platforms: Sun
Get-From ???
Where to get it: uad1077@dircon.co.uk
NeXTStep,
release 3.0 supports full level 2 PostScript.
What: Interpreter
Status: commercial
Platforms:
| NeXT
Get-From:
| NeXT
Opium
converts PostScript to several raster image formats. It has
several language extensions relating to image processing (alpha
channel, "forall" for images etc.) and usability of PostScript as
a general purpose script language ("system", secure and
| non-secure modes, etc.) Converts to TIFF 5.0 (including RLE, LZW,
| fax3, fax4, and JPEG compressions), PBM, PGM, PPM, Sixel (VT240,
| LN03), Group 3 fax, ASCII, and HPGL (experimental).
What: Interpreter, Converts-PostScript-to-ASCII, Converts
PostScript-to-TIFF, Converts-Images, Level-2,
Converts-PostScript-to-HPGL
Status: commercial
Platforms: UNIX, Sun, DECstation, AIX, NeXT, Alpha and VMS.
Get-From: Stream Technologies Inc., Valkjarventie 2, SF-02130 Espoo,
FINLAND, Tel: +358 0 43577340, Fax: +358 0 43577348, Email: info@sti.fi
pageview
| can preview PostScript on the Sun screen. The document must
follow the DSC conventions described in section 9 (EPSF).
What: Previewer
Status: commercial
Platforms: OpenWindows
Get-From: Sun
PixelScript
???
What: Interpreter, Previewer
Status: commercial
Platforms: Amiga
Get-From: ???
PowerPage
from Pipeline Associates handles the special hints in Adobe Type
1 fonts (see Section 4, ``Fonts'').
What: Interpreter
Status: commercial
Platforms: ???
Get-From: Pipeline Associates
Post
turns PostScript files into screen images, image files, and
prints on non-PostScript printers. Scaling & pixel density are
adjustable by the user. It is excellent, works in color, supports
types 1 and 3 fonts. By Adrian Aylward, 20 Maidstone Rd Swindon,
WILTS. UK.
This is not the same as Post for MS-DOS.
What: Interpreter, Previewer, Converts-Images
Status: free
Platforms: Amiga
Get-From: Compuserve, or from any Amiga PD source, in the well-known
Fred Fish collection. Current version is 1.7, on Fish Disk
669. Or grind.isca.uiowa.edu, gatekeeper.dec.com [
/pub/micro/amiga/fish ] , monu6.cc.monash.edu.au,
ux1.cso.uiuc.edu [ amiga/fish/f6/ff669 ]
PS-Magic
???
Registration is $ 40 and includes the usual 40 font family...
Otherwise it only includes the Times font family.
What: Interpreter
Status: shareware ( $ 40)
Platforms: ???
Get-From: Advantage Computer, Box 524, Fremont CA 94537, U.S.A. Or,
in Toronto, it can be downloaded from CRS: Canada Remote Systems
(Mississauga).
PSView
???
What: Interpreter
Status: ???
Platforms: Macintosh
Get-From: ???
TScript
???
For most users who only want to print to common printers like
DeskWriters, StyleWriters, or Personal LaserWriter LS's, the
Basic version of TScript will suffice ( $ 55).
A more complex version is available that works with more esoteric
printers, particularly color printers and very-high-end
imagesetters.
What: Interpreter
Status: commercial ( $ 55)
Platforms: Macintosh
Get-From: ???
UltraScript
is a PostScript previewer for level 1 PostScript only.
UltraScript can print from within an application. This feature
requires about 1 Mbyte of memory above the minimum requirement.
It can process hinted type-1 (Adobe) fonts. The products include
QMS fonts with metrics that match those of Adobe's fonts.
The main PostScript interpreter in UltraScript PC runs as a TSR,
mostly living in extended memory (occupies about 24K below the
640K line). There is a different TSR called PCAPTURE that
intercepts LPTn output and routes it to UltraScript, which
interprets it and prints to the real printer. There's also a
front-end program which selects printing from an already-existing
file or lets you run in interactive mode (similar to "executive"
on a PostScript printer).
UltraScript PC is $ 195. It runs in PC/AT compatibles and needs
about 1M of extended memory. The basic version includes 25 fonts.
UltraScript PC Plus is $ 445 includes 47 fonts. The previewer
requires Microsoft Windows 3.
UltraScript for the Macintosh requires at least a 2 Mbyte system
to run. The basic version is $ 195 and includes 15 fonts.
UltraScript Plus is $ 495, includes 43 fonts, and has an
AppleTalk print spooler. It appears on the Chooser as a printer.
What: Previewer, Non-PostScript-Printer-Driver,
Converts-PostScript-to-PCL, Converts-PostScript-to-PCX,
Converts-PostScript-to-TIFF
Status: commercial
Platforms: MS-DOS, Macintosh
Get-From: PM Ware in Escondido, California, 1-800-845-4843 or
1-619-738-6633. CompuClassics, phone 1-800-733-3888.
Subject: 12.5 Utilities
The following are utilities intended to make using PostScript or
programming in PostScript easier. Many interpreters are also very
useful utilities. A program that makes something nice-looking but
does not help you use or program in PostScript would be in one of
the next section, PostScript Programs. This section has not yet
been created, but I am accepting information for it!
a2ps
places two pages on each physical page, borders surrounding
pages, headers, line numbering, multiple copies, landscape and
portrait mode, wide format, lines numbering, fold/cut long lines,
control font size.
What: Converts-ASCII-to-PostScript
Status: free
Platforms: UNIX, MS-DOS
Get-From: comp.sources.misc volume 10, issue 73, archive name a2ps3,
posted 17 February 1990. Modified version posted to
alt.sources 25 March 1990 by Tor Lillqvist
(tml@hemuli.tik.vtt.fi). Updated version available by
anonymous ftp from imag.fr (129.88.32.1) in the "archive"
directory.
asc2ps
is part of Psroff3.0, and is integrated with psxlate. It is of
particular interest because it understands nroff's backspace bold
and italic conventions and doesn't introduce lots of extra bells
and whistles.
What: Converts-ASCII-to-PostScript
Status: free
Platforms: ???
Get-From: See Psroff3.0
asciiprint.ps
???
What: Converts-ASCII-to-PostScript, Example
Status: free
Platforms: PostScript
Get-From: zben@umd5.umd.edu (Ben Cranston)
ato2pps
prints ASCII printable text boxed, 2-up, in landscape mode.
Prints boxed header with date & time, file name, and page number.
What: Converts-ASCII-to-PostScript
Status: free
Platforms: UNIX, possibly available on Macintosh (C program)
Get-From: Mark Edwards (edwards@vms.macc.wisc.edu)
| Bar-a-Coda
| is an application for creating PostScript (EPS and EPSI) and TIFF
| bar codes. Bar-a-Coda allows you to easily create an individual
| bar code, a sheet, or many sheets.
|
| BarCodeKit
| is an object library (in Objective-C) for creating PostScript
| (EPS and EPSI) and TIFF bar codes.
|
| The two products offer every major bar code symbology. They can
| also create two-dimensional/multiple row bar codes.
|
| Bar codes can be scaled and rotated, colorized, dragged and
| dropped into documents and accessed from any application via the
| NeXTSTEP Services menu.
|
| What: User-Utility
|
| Status: Commercial
|
| Platforms: NeXTSTEP
|
| Get-From: Hot Technologies, email to info@hot.com or phone 617-252-0088.
bbfig
will let you calculate the bounding box of a PostScript picture.
It prints the figure and then calculates the bounding box around
the figure and print the box and its coordinates. This usually
works. However, for the times that it fails you have to measure
it by hand.
What: Bounding-Box
Status: free
Platforms: ???
Get-From:
| world.std.com:/src/text/tex/dvips/contrib,
| cs.dal.ca:/pub/comp.archives,
| emx.cc.utexas.edu:/pub/mnt/source/tex/dvi3ps,
| isfs.kuis.kyoto-u.ac.jp:/TeX/styles/kth.se
| behandler.ps
| is a PostScript error handler. If you prepend it to a broken
| PostScript file it will give a lot of information when the
| program crashes.
|
| What: Programmer-Utility
| Status: free
| Platforms: PostScript
| Get-From: email to jgm@cs.brown.edu
cz
is table-driven, handles almost any character set, uses any font
on printer, control font sizes, paper size, page layout, number
of columns, line numbers, portrait or landscape mode, page
reversal, leading (line spacing), tab expansion. Emacs interface.
By Howard Gayle.
What: Converts-ASCII-to-PostScript
Status: free
Platforms: UNIX
Get-From: comp.sources.misc volume 8 issues 65-75, 77-78
( 1 Oct 1989) issue 97 (28 Oct 1989) (Other prerequisites:
see README file at beginning of issue 65.)
crossword.ps
converts a specially formatted ASCII file to a crossword puzzle.
By Carl Lydick. Just prepend to an ASCII file and send it to the
printer.
What: Written-in-PostScript, Converts-ASCII-to-PostScript
Status: free
Platforms: PostScript
Get-From: send a mail message whose body consists of the line "SEND
ASCII_TO_POSTSCRIPT" to FILESERV@SOL1.GPS.CALTECH.EDU (or,
if you're on ESnet/NSInet, to SOL1::FILESERV).
double.ps
prints two pages of ASCII side by side in landscape mode. By Carl
Lydick.
What: Written-in-PostScript, Converts-ASCII-to-PostScript
Status: free
Platforms: PostScript
Get-From: send a mail message whose body consists of the line "SEND
ASCII_TO_POSTSCRIPT" to FILESERV@SOL1.GPS.CALTECH.EDU (or,
if you're on ESnet/NSInet, to SOL1::FILESERV).
dvips
???
What: Converts-DVI-to-PostScript
Status: ???
Platforms: UNIX
Get-From: Radical Eye Software.
DWB 3
???
What: ???
Status: ???
Platforms: ???
Get-From: ???
enscript
formats text in 1 or 2 columns, portrait or landscape, manual
paper feed, headers, line printer simulation, line wrap or
truncation, control lines on page, fonts.
What: Converts-ASCII-to-PostScript
Status: commercial
Platforms: UNIX
Get-From: Adobe Systems
epsffit
fits an EPSF file to a given bounding box.
What: Bounding-Box
Status: free
Platforms: UNIX
Get-From: See the psutils entry.
epsinfo.ps
determines bounding boxes. This can help to turn a PS file into
an EPS file.
What: Bounding-Box
Status: ???
Platforms: PostScript
Get-From: from the Adobe file server (see Section 6,
``About Adobe'') or stis.nsf.gov:/NSF/eps/epsinfo.ps
epsonps
Epson LX-800 to PostScript translator, supports international
character sets, IBM graphics characters, different width fonts,
bit-mapped graphics.
What: Converts-ASCII-to-PostScript
Status: free
Platforms: MS-DOS
Get-From: comp.sources.misc